UNIT - I 

1. Geographical Condition, Land, Environment, Peoples, Major Routes of Communication and Languages 2. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Age 3. Neolithic and Caleolithic Age 4. Approaches and Sources of Ancient Indian History 5. Harappan Civilization 6. Vedic Civilization : Society, Polity, Economy and Religion (Iron Age in India and Megaliths) 7. Religious Movements : Jainism and Buddhism 8. Rise and Expansion of Magadha Empire 9. The Mauryan Empire : Chandragupta Maurya 10. Ashoka’s Dhamma and Causes of the Downfall of the Mauryan Empire 11. Mauryan Administration 12. Invasion of Alexander and its Impact

UNIT - II 

1. French Revolution : Causes, Role of Intellectuals, Work and Achievements of the National Assembly, The Reign of Terror, Participation of Social Classes, Consequences and Impacts 2.The Age of Napoleon : The Rise of Napoleon, Contribution and Downfall 3. Reconstruction of Europe : The Congress of Vienna, Matternich, Concert of Europe 4. The Revolution of 1830 5. The Revolution of 1848 6. Napoleon III : Domestic and Foreign Policy 7. Eastern Question : The Greek war of Independence : The Crimean War and the Berlin Congress (1815-1914) 8. Unification of Italy 9. Unification of Germany.